In the 1980s, laser cleaning technology began to appear. In the past 40 years, laser cleaning technology has developed rapidly and is a research hotspot in the field of industrial manufacturing. The research content mainly covers laser cleaning technology, theory, equipment and applications.
The principle of laser cleaning
It uses high-frequency high-energy laser pulses to irradiate the surface of the workpiece, and the coating layer can instantly absorb the focused laser energy, so that the oil stains, rust spots or coatings on the surface can be evaporated or peeled off instantly, and the surface attachments or surface coatings can be removed at high speed and effectively. In this way, the laser pulse with very short action time will not damage the metal substrate under the appropriate parameters.
Comparison of advantages of laser cleaning
1. Environmental advantages
Laser cleaning is a "green" cleaning method without the use of any chemicals and cleaning fluids. The cleaned wastes are basically solid powders, small in size, easy to store, recyclable, free of photochemical reactions, and no pollution. . It can easily solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by chemical cleaning. Often an exhaust fan can solve the problem of waste generated by cleaning.
2. Effect advantage
The traditional cleaning method is often contact cleaning, which has a mechanical force on the surface of the cleaned object, damages the surface of the object or the cleaning medium is attached to the surface of the object to be cleaned, and cannot be removed, resulting in secondary pollution. Contact, no thermal effects, will not damage the substrate, so these problems are solved.
3. Security advantages
The laser can be transmitted through the optical fiber, cooperate with the robot hand and the robot, and realize the long-distance operation conveniently.
4. Convenience advantage
Laser cleaning can remove various types of contaminants on the surface of various materials, and achieve cleanliness that cannot be achieved by conventional cleaning. Furthermore, contaminants on the surface of the material can be selectively cleaned without damaging the surface of the material.
5. Cost advantage
Laser cleaning is fast, efficient, and time-saving; although the initial one-time investment in purchasing a laser cleaning system is high, the cleaning system can be used stably for a long time, with low operating costs, and more importantly, it can be easily automated.
