In our daily life, we will use many tools or metal objects, but these objects will rust if they are left for a long time or if they are not cleaned with water.
I believe that everyone's hearts should be broken at this time. If you use it, it can still be used, but it is not beautiful, and your hands are dirty. At this time, it should be rust removed. Generally, some white vinegar is used at home. A little more professional is to use chemical rust removal. Next, we will introduce laser rust removal, which is academically called laser cleaning.
Laser cleaning has the characteristics of no grinding, non-contact, no thermal effect and cleaning of objects of various materials, and is considered to be the most reliable and effective solution. Moreover, laser cleaning can solve problems that cannot be solved by traditional cleaning methods.
Taking railway rails as an example, the railway network can be said to be a vital part of my country's transportation network. At the end of 2015, my country's total railway operation was 121,000 kilometers, ranking second in the world. Among them, the mileage of high-speed rail exceeds 19,000 kilometers, ranking first in the world. The running speed of China's high-speed railway is 160~320 km/h, and all seamless lines are required (except for special sections such as switches, tunnels, bridges, platforms, etc.); seamless railways can save more than 15% of maintenance costs and extend the use of rails by 25% life.
Nowadays, seamless steel rails have become the main type of track laying in the entire railway network in my country, and the seamlessness of my country's railway lines has reached more than 70%. The key process in the production of seamless rails is rail welding, and the rust removal and cleaning technology of the rails has a very important influence on the welding.
There are many problems with traditional grinding and cleaning:
1. Deep grinding ensures cleanliness, but destroys the camber appearance of the rail surface. There are uneven transition areas and gaps between the rails and between the rails and the hub, the train shakes seriously, and the high-speed train produces a slight tremor, which reduces the comfort of passengers;
2. Reduce the amount of grinding to ensure the camber appearance, but lead to serious rust residues. The welding current changes sharply in a wide range (unstability ±(200~1600 A)). The welding current changes greatly, which makes the welding seam produce difficult-to-detect defects such as coarse grains and gray spots, and lays a serious safety hazard;
3. At present, 20%~30% of the rust residue is left in grinding and cleaning, resulting in a welding failure rate of 10%; the repair process is extremely cumbersome, and the cost is 30,000 yuan per welding head, which restricts the production process of seamless railway track laying;
4. Consuming a lot of grinding wheel consumables has caused dust pollution to the environment and caused serious harm to the health of workers;
5. Railway maintenance and repair work is heavy, and laser rust removal and cleaning technology can replace manual grinding and cleaning to promote the process of efficient automatic railway online repair work in my country.
Using laser rust removal cleaning can avoid the above problems and has the following advantages:
1. Convenient operation: non-contact, hand-held, automatic cleaning;
The cleaning light source can adapt to the camber profile of the rail to minimize substrate damage;
2. Precise and controllable: rust removal area and rust removal thickness are precisely controllable;
Laser rust cleaning can achieve selective removal of pollutants, improve cleanliness, and protect substrates;
3. Green and environmental protection: no chemical reagents, no noise.
No consumables green cleaning technology, eliminate dust pollution, greatly reduce cleaning costs;
4. Intelligence: easy to detect and control, the process is intelligent;
The cleaning light source can be flexibly transmitted by optical fiber, and integrated with the robot;
5. The rust removal quality is uniform and consistent: the laser life is uniform and consistent;
Greatly improve cleaning quality, improve welding yield, rail welding strength and reliability, and eliminate potential safety hazards.
The laser cleaning machine can perfectly clean even the corners such as letters and bolts on the surface of the parts. The high-frequency and high-power characteristics of the laser concentrate the energy of kilowatts or even 10,000 watts into a small area. This kind of rust removal is one-time, and it also avoids the possible harm to the human body caused by chemical rust removal.
When metal parts are placed in a humid environment for a long time, rust will be formed on the metal surface, which not only affects the appearance, but also has a great impact on the performance of the parts. For the application fields closely related to the use of metal, such as metal production, engineering construction and shipbuilding, it is a very important job to completely remove the rust on the metal surface in time.
